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Science · Drill 76

Science practice 76

5 questions ~9 min recommended
⏱ 00:00
Score
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Pesticide dose (ppm) 15 25 35 None

Table 1
Number of petals
Pesticide A Pesticide B
12 15
2 7
9 14
7 14
14

Table 2
Average weight of rosebush (oz)
Pesticide dose (ppm) Soil type 1 Soil type 2
Pesticide A Pesticide B Pesticide A Pesticide B
47.5 51.4 52.7 61.2
15 37.1 42.3 40.3 51.7
25 27.5 32.9 31.1 40.3
35 19.7 22.1 23.6 29.7

Note: Average weight for rosebush in Soil Type 2 at 24 oz was 42.1 oz; average plant

Table 3
Soil type 1 Soil type 2
pH level 4.1 3.9
Organic matter (%) 3.0 6.5
Clay (%) 12.5 6.3

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PASSAGE V

Aphids are small plant-eating insects known to feed on rosebushes. In the cultivation of roses, certain pesticides are often applied when the presence of aphids is detected. However, sometimes the flowers that are treated with the pesticides are not as vibrant or fragrant as those that did not receive the pesticide treatment. Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of certain pesticides on rosebushes.

Experiment 1

A gardener filled 125 pots with Soil Type 1. No pesticide was added to the soil in 25 pots. The other pots were divided into four groups of 25 and the soils in each group were treated with 5, 15, 25, or 35 parts per million (ppm) of either Pesticide A or Pesticide B. All other factors were held constant. Fully grown rosebushes with buds but no flowers were planted after the pesticide was placed in the soil. After 30 days the rosebushes were uprooted, sun-dried, and the total number of petals produced by the bushes was counted. The results are shown in Table 1.

Experiment 2

Experiment 1 was repeated with 100 pots of Soil Type 1 and 100 pots of Soil Type 2. The same pesticide doses and type and number of rosebushes were used. All other factors were held constant. After 30 days the rosebushes were uprooted and weighed. The results are shown in Table 2.

Information on the composition of the two soil types used is given in Table 3.

1. Which of the following sets of rosebushes served as the control in Experiment 1?

2. Which of the following, if true, best explains why the pesticides were applied to the soil as opposed to being placed directly on the rosebushes?

3. Assume that there is a direct correlation between plant weight and the number of petals on the flowers. If a rosebush was grown in Soil Type 2, one would predict that the number of petals would be lowest under which of the following conditions?

4. Assume that a rosebush was grown in soil treated with varying doses of a third pesticide (Pesticide C). Based on the results of the experiments, what prediction, if any, about the effect of Pesticide C on the growth of this rosebush can be made?

5. The results of Experiment 2 indicate that, at every pesticide dose, average plant weight was lowest under which of the following conditions?

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